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Objective To investigate the synergistic effect of hyperhomocystinemia (HHcy) and smoking on the incidence of Coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 22 043 subjects were enrolled from health care center. Participants were classified into two groups: Non-coronary heart disease group (control group, n = 19 410) and coronary heart disease group(n=2 633).A questionnaire survey,physical examination and blood homocysteine (Hcy)test were carried out among the participants.Results After controlling the confounding factors,multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of coronary heart disease in patients with smoking was 4.832 times higher than that of patients with normal waistline. The risk of coronary heart disease in patients with HHcy was 1.019 times higher than that of patients with normal Hcy (OR = 4.832,1.019,P < 0.05).Interaction analysis showed that the risk of patients with HHcy and smoking was 2.473 times higher than that of patients without HHcy and no-smoking.The synergy index between HHcy and smoking on the incidence of Coronary heart disease was 1.739. The pure attributable proportion due to the interaction was 42.9%. Conclusions HHcy and smoking are risk factors for coronary heart disease and there is a positive synergistic effect between HHcy and smoking on the incidence of coronary heart disease.
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Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of atorvastatin on inflammatory factor levels and vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods: A total of 112 CHD patients treated in our hospital were selected.According to random number table, they were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group and atorvastatin group, and both groups were treated for eight weeks.Serum levels of inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial function before and after treatment, angina pectoris and ECG therapeutic effect after treatment, and incidence of adverse reactions during medication were compared between two groups.Results: Compared with before treatment, after treatment, there were significant reductions in serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and endothelin (ET)-1, and significant rise in nitric oxide (NO) level, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac output (CO) in both groups,P<0.01 all;compared with routine treatment group after treatment, there were significant reductions in serum levels of IL-6 [(157.42±30.13) pg/ml vs.(129.83±27.31) pg/ml], TNF-α [(25.41±2.67) ng/L vs.(21.38±2.13) ng/L], CRP [(19.87±2.78) mg/L vs.(17.13±2.04) mg/L], ICAM-1 [(81.23±19.83) pg/ml vs.(64.31±15.46) pg/ml] and ET-1 [(1.45±0.34) pg/ml vs.(0.87±0.23) pg/ml], and significant rise in NO level [(53.27±5.31) mmol/L vs.(58.72±5.46) mmol/L], LVEF [(52.37±5.38)% vs.(63.19±5.79)%] and CO [(4.58±0.78) L/min vs.(5.13±0.82) L/min] in atorvastatin group, P<0.01 all.Compared with routine treatment group, there were significant rise in total effective rates of angina pectoris (73.22% vs.89.29%) and ECG (66.07% vs.83.93%) in atorvastatin group, P<0.05 both.There were no serious adverse drug reactions in two groups.Conclusion: Atorvastatin can significantly improve inflammation state and vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease.
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Taking Shinshu University of Japan for example,we attempted to introduce the postgraduate clinical education system for new oral surgeons by analyzing the management of clinical training programs,studies of oral maxillofacial and associated medicine,and practices of scientific research in the department of oral surgery.Their experiences may be useful for us to improve our medical continuing education for young oral surgery residences.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aims to biomechanically analyze a mini-implant at different healing times before loading.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-four mini-implants with (12 +/- 1) N x cm insertion torque were placed in the low jaw of eight beagle dogs. The test mini-implants remained in the low jaw for 0, 1, 3, and 8 weeks of bone healing and for an additional 10 weeks under a force of 0.98 N. The unloaded control implants were further divided into four groups (1, 3, 8, and 10 weeks). Maximum removal torque (MRT) testing was performed to evaluate the interfacial share strength of each group. Surface analysis of the removed implants was performed by scanning electric microscope (SEM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The MRT for the loading implants at 0, 1, 3, and 8 weeks of healing were 4.10, 4.25, 2.42, and 4.42 N x cm, respectively. During the healing process, the removal torque values of the 3-week implants were significantly lower than those of the other healing groups (P < 0.05). The unloaded 3-week implants also had lower removal torques (P < 0.05). The implant surface of the 3-week test group showed more fibrous bone. However, the other loading implants had more lamellar-like tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A stable dangerous period occurred approximately 3 weeks after mini-implant insertion. A 3-week healing is disadvantageous to the stability of the implant. Orthodontics loading occurred immediately or after 1 week as a function of the healing time. The 8-week implant appeared to have a positive effect on peri-implant bone remodeling and implant stability.</p>
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Animals , Dogs , Bone Remodeling , Dental Implants , Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures , Osseointegration , Torque , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Objective:To determine the fluorine content in enamel before and after besmearing fluoride varnishes or fluorinated bubbles. Methods:Thirty patients whose deciduous central incisors will be extracted were divided into group a and b randomly. For the same patient, a pair of mandibular deciduous central incisor were chosen. For group a: one tooth was removed, and the other one besmeared with fluoride varnishes and removed 24 h later. For group b: one tooth was removed, and the other one besmeared with fluorinated bubbles and removed 24 h later. The fluorine contents in the enamel of every tooth were determined by neutron activation method and analyzed statistically. Results:For group a: the fluorine content in the experimental group was (142.78?42.25) ?g/g, and that in the control group was(119.62?38.62) ?g/g. For group b: (162.36?31.36) ?g/g and (126.56?38.42) ?g/g respectively. The fluorine content in the enamel of tooth besmeared with fluoride varnishes or fluorinated bubbles was higher than that in the control group(P